Anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity and cytotoxicity of Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess (Clusiaceae)

We evaluated the in vitro anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity and the cytotoxicity of dichloromethane extract and pure compounds from the leaves of Calophyllum brasiliense. Purification of the dichloromethane extract yielded the pure compounds (-) mammea A/BB (1), (-) mammea B/BB (2) and amentoflavone (3). The compound structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric data. The contents of bioactive compounds in the extracts were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to an ultraviolet detector. The anti-M. tuberculosis activity of the extracts and the pure compounds was evaluated using a resazurin microtitre assay plate. The cytotoxicity assay was performed in J774G.8 macrophages using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide colourimetric method. The quantification of the dichloromethane extract showed (1) and (2) at concentrations of 31.86 ± 2.6 and 8.24 ± 1.1 µg/mg of extract, respectively. The dichloromethane and aqueous extracts showed anti-M. tuberculosis H37Rv activity of 62.5 and 125 µg/mL, respectively. Coumarins (1) and (2) showed minimal inhibitory concentration ranges of 31.2 and 62.5 µg/mL against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and clinical isolates. Compound (3) showed no activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The selectivity index ranged from 0.59-1.06. We report the activity of the extracts and coumarins from the leaves of C. brasiliense against M. tuberculosis.

Estudio químico de la resina de la especie endémica Calophyllum pinetorum Bisse / Chemical study of the resin of the endemic species Calophyllum pinetorum Bisse

Objetivos: aislar e identificar los componentes principales presentes en el extracto metanólico de la resina de la especie Calophyllum pinetorum Bisse.Métodos: la cromatografía líquida de alta resolución se utilizó para la separación de los compuestos. Para la caracterización estructural se emplearon las técnicas de resonancia magnética nuclear y la espectrometría de masas.Resultados: el proceso de separación permitió el aislamiento de 3 compuestos que fueron reconocidos como derivados de cromonas. Los compuestos 1-3 fueron identificados como: ácido calolóngico, ácido apetálico y ácido isoapetálico.Conclusiones: la presencia de cromonas se corresponde con los estudios realizados con otras especies de este género, pero es la primera vez que estos compuestos se aíslan e identifican desde una misma especie. Por otra parte, es la primera vez que se informa la presencia de cromonas en la resina de este género.

Objectives: to isolate and identify the main components in the methanolic extract of the resin of the species Calophyllum pinetorum Bisse.Methods: high resolution liquid chromatography was used for the separation of the compounds. Magnetic resonance imaging and mass spectrometry were used for the structural characterization.Results: the separation process allowed the isolation of 3 compounds that were recognized as derivatives of chromans. The compounds 1-3 were identified as calolongic acid, apetalic acid and isoapetalic acid.Conclusions: the presence of chromans corresponds with the studies conducted with other species of this genus, but it is the first time that these compounds are isolated and identified from the same species. On the other hand, it is reported for the first time, too, the presence of chromans in the resin of this genus.